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Questions, answers about toxic West Coast crabs

November 6, 2015

(Korea Times file)

(AP) — A poisonous substance linked to a massive algae bloom off the West Coast has led officials to halt recreational shellfishing from Washington to California and is blamed for sickening dozens of seabirds, seals, whales and other marine life. Here are some key things to know about the problem:

WHAT’S GOING ON?

Domoic acid, a naturally occurring neurotoxin, has been found in high levels in a variety of shellfish, which in turn are eaten by predators up the food chain — including humans.

Domoic acid poisoning can cause vomiting, seizures and, in severe cases, coma and death. No recent human illnesses have been reported, however.

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WHAT’S BEING DONE ABOUT IT?

On Thursday, California wildlife authorities closed the year-round rock crab fishery north of the Santa Barbara-Ventura county line and delayed the start of the recreational Dungeness crab season, which was to begin Saturday.

There’s also a chance the Nov. 15 start of commercial fishing will be pushed back until it’s determined the domoic acid in crabs is again at safe levels.

Oregon state officials issued an advisory this week for all recreationally caught crab along the state’s southern coast, from south of Coos Bay to California. The commercial season there doesn’t begin until Dec. 1.

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CAN STORE-BOUGHT OR RESTAURANT SHELLFISH MAKE YOU SICK?

Unlikely. Seafood caught commercially is subject to regular testing. Authorities say there’s more concern about shellfish caught by recreational clam-diggers and crabbers.

Oregon officials warned people to remove the viscera, or guts, before eating recreationally caught crab meat.

Oregon and Washington state also have barred digging for razor clams on ocean beaches.

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HOW WILL THIS AFFECT COMMERCIAL FISHING?

The impact could be disastrous, depending on whether and how long fishing is off-limits.

The commercial Dungeness crab take from Washington, Oregon and California has been cyclical, ranging from 8 million to 54 million pounds a year. But it remains one of the West Coast’s most valuable fisheries, according to the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission.

California’s annual take alone is worth an estimated $60 million, according to state fish and wildlife officials.

A delay in commercial catching would come at a bad time for small fishing outfits because they make a lot of their money supplying crabs for Thanksgiving and Christmas tables.

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WHAT’S CAUSING THE HIGH DOMOIC ACID LEVELS?

Domoic acid is produced by the plankton species Pseudo-nitzschia, which is eaten by shellfish and some fish.

The high levels found in shellfish can be traced to a vast algae bloom off the West Coast, which has seen unusually warm ocean temperatures as a result of El Nino, said Jordan Traverso, a spokeswoman at the California Department of Fish and Wildlife.

Such blooms are cyclical, but this summer surveyors aboard a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research vessel said the bloom was one of the largest ever observed on the West Coast. The ribbon of microscopic algae, up to 40 miles wide and 650 feet deep in places, now stretches from at least California to Alaska.

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IS CLIMATE CHANGE A FACTOR?

Researchers aren’t sure if there’s a connection but say the algae blooming cycles might be more extreme because of warm-water changes.

“There’s no question that we’re seeing more algal blooms more often, in more places,” Pat Glibert, professor at Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, said this summer. “When they do occur, they’re lasting longer and often over greater geographical areas. We’re seeing more events than documented decades ago.”

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ARE OTHER SPECIES AFFECTED?

Warm-water algae blooms aren’t the only problem threatening marine life.

A report published late last month in Science magazine said the rapid warming of waters off New England is a key factor in the collapse of the region’s cod fishery.

Warming waters also have been blamed for the collapse of the lobster fishery in Connecticut and Rhode Island. The northern New England lobster population is booming while the southern stock struggles.

Warming waters also are blamed for an influx of black sea bass off Maine and New Hampshire that fishermen say prey on lobsters there.

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