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S. Korea moving to reform chaebol after Lotte episode

August 6, 2015
Rep. Kim Jung-hoon (R) speaks at meeting of Saenuri party lawmakers in Seoul on Aug. 5, 2015. (Yonhap)

Rep. Kim Jung-hoon (R) speaks at meeting of Saenuri party lawmakers in Seoul on Aug. 5, 2015. (Yonhap)

(Yonhap) — The government and the ruling Saenuri Party are moving to reform the ownership structure of the country’s family-run conglomerates amid public backlash over an escalating power struggle in Lotte Group, official sources said Wednesday.

Lotte, South Korea’s fifth-largest family-run business group, has drawn harsh condemnation and come under scrutiny after the two sons of group founder Shin Kyuk-ho and other family members have openly squabbled over control of the sprawling retail giant.

Party insiders said Rep. Kim Jung-hoon will chair a meeting attended by Fair Trade Commission (FTC) Chairman Jeong Jae-chan in Seoul Thursday to discuss what measures can be taken to improve how private business groups, commonly known as chaebol, are run.

Kim, Saenuri’s chief policymaker, told Yonhap News Agency that the FTC is expected to acquire details on the ownership structure of Lotte’s foreign affiliates by Aug. 20.

“The goal of the upcoming meeting is to get an outline of what measures the corporate regulator will take and exchange views on what legal and institutional actions can be taken to tackle the murky ownership issue,” the three-term lawmaker said.

He said if the need arises, the parliament can propose a bill that would compel chaebol to reduce cross-shareholding arrangements.

Lotte confirmed that there are 416 cross-shareholding arrangements holding the conglomerate together and this permits the Shin family to control the vast business empire even if they do not personally own a lot of shares.

The founder’s stake in the conglomerate stands at only 0.05 percent, with this number rising to just 2.41 percent if stakes held by all family members are tallied.

The country’s existing fair trade law bars new cross-shareholding arrangements, but not existing ones.

The lawmaker also hinted that ownership structures of other conglomerates can be checked as well.

“It has been two years since the fair trade law banning new cross-ownership has been passed so it is time for a review,” the lawmaker said.

In addition to the ownership structure, Saenuri lawmakers said they may look into the succession process of Lotte as well as how the group is run and how it operates its outside directors, who are appointed to check the power of top managers and protect the rights of investors.

Rep. Shim Jae-chul, another Saenuri lawmaker, even suggested that a tax audit should be carried out on Lotte to see if the conglomerate intentionally dodges taxes.

Related to the meeting, the FTC confirmed it is checking the ownership structure of Lotte’s foreign affiliates after it was found that the conglomerate’s founder used foreign affiliates to exert control over local companies.

“Under such circumstances, there is a need to determine the exact ownership structure of the business group,” the commission said. “Lotte was told last month to provide all the necessary data.”

FTC insiders said it wants to determine who are the shareholders and investment information as well as details on how the group is managed.

Meanwhile, local market watchers said the ongoing social debate on whether or not Lotte is a South Korean company deserves scrutiny.

An official report released by Hotel Lotte in 2014 showed its No. 1 shareholder with 19.07 percent stake is Lotte Holdings Co., a company headquartered in Japan, they pointed out.

The data also showed that 99.28 percent of the company’s shares were owned by Japanese companies, with most classified as being run by people with “special relations” with Lotte and the Shin family.

The largest local shareholder was Busan Lotte Hotel that only had a 0.55 percent stake in Hotel Lotte, which serves as a de facto holding company of Lotte’s local operations.

“At first glance, Hotel Lotte is not really a South Korean company, although there is a need to look deeper into other factors such as who actually owns the Japanese companies that hold stakes in the hotel,” a market analysts said.

Hotel Lotte’s ownership is important because it holds stakes in 42 group affiliates including Lotte Shopping, Lotte Confectionery, Lotte Chilsung Beverage as well as Lotte E&C and Lotte Corp.